Indic Scripts Index for Herbs and Spices
अ आ इ ई उ ऊ ऋ ऎ ए ऐ ऒ ओ औ क ख ग घ च छ ज ट ड त द ध न প फ ब भ म य र ल व श ष स ह
| Roman- ization | Deva- nagari | Gur- mukhi | Guja- rati | Ben- gali | Oriya | Te- lugu | Kann- ada | Tamil | Mala- yalam |
| a | अ | ਅ | અ | অ | ଅ | అ | ಅ | அ | അ |
| ā | आ | ਆ | આ | আ | ଆ | ఆ | ಆ | ஆ | ആ |
| i | इ | ਇ | ઇ | ই | ଇ | ఇ | ಇ | இ | ഇ |
| ī | ई | ਈ | ઈ | ঈ | ଈ | ఈ | ಈ | ஈ | ഈ |
| u | उ | ਉ | ઉ | উ | ଉ | ఉ | ಉ | உ | ഉ |
| ū | ऊ | ਊ | ઊ | ঊ | ଊ | ఊ | ಊ | ஊ | ഊ |
| r̥ | ऋ | ઋ | ঋ | ଋ | ఋ | ಋ | ഋ | ||
| r̥̄ | ॠ | ૠ | ৠ | ୠ | ౠ | ೠ | ൠ | ||
| l̥ | ऌ | ઌ | ঌ | ଌ | ఌ | ಌ | ഌ | ||
| l̥̄ | ॡ | ૡ | ৡ | ୡ | ౡ | ೡ | ൡ | ||
| ĕ | ऎ | ఎ | ಎ | எ | എ | ||||
| e | ए | ਏ | એ | এ | ଏ | ఏ | ಏ | ஏ | ഏ |
| ai | ऐ | ਐ | ઐ | ঐ | ଐ | ఐ | ಐ | ஐ | ഐ |
| ŏ | ऒ | ఒ | ಒ | ஒ | ഒ | ||||
| o | ओ | ਓ | ઓ | ও | ଓ | ఓ | ಓ | ஓ | ഓ |
| au | औ | ਔ | ઔ | ঔ | ଔ | ఔ | ಔ | ஔ | ഔ |
| k | क | ਕ | ક | ক | କ | క | ಕ | க | ക |
| kh | ख | ਖ | ખ | খ | ଖ | ఖ | ಖ | ഖ | |
| g | ग | ਗ | ગ | গ | ଗ | గ | ಗ | ഗ | |
| gh | घ | ਘ | ઘ | ঘ | ଘ | ఘ | ಘ | ഘ | |
| ṅ | ङ | ਙ | ઙ | ঙ | ଙ | ఙ | ಙ | ங | ങ |
| c | च | ਚ | ચ | চ | ଚ | చ | ಚ | ச | ച |
| ch | छ | ਛ | છ | ছ | ଛ | ఛ | ಛ | ഛ | |
| j | ज | ਜ | જ | জ | ଜ | జ | ಜ | ஜ | ജ |
| jh | झ | ਝ | ઝ | ঝ | ଝ | ఝ | ಝ | ഝ | |
| ñ | ञ | ਞ | ઞ | ঞ | ଞ | ఞ | ಞ | ஞ | ഞ |
| ṭ | ट | ਟ | ટ | ট | ଟ | ట | ಟ | ட | ട |
| ṭh | ठ | ਠ | ઠ | ঠ | ଠ | ఠ | ಠ | ഠ | |
| ḍ | ड | ਡ | ડ | ড | ଡ | డ | ಡ | ഡ | |
| ḍh | ढ | ਢ | ઢ | ঢ | ଢ | ఢ | ಢ | ഢ | |
| ṇ | ण | ਣ | ણ | ণ | ଣ | ణ | ಣ | ண | ണ |
| t | त | ਤ | ત | ত | ତ | త | ತ | த | ത |
| th | थ | ਥ | થ | থ | ଥ | థ | ಥ | ഥ | |
| d | द | ਦ | દ | দ | ଦ | ద | ದ | ദ | |
| dh | ध | ਧ | ધ | ধ | ଧ | ధ | ಧ | ധ | |
| n | न | ਨ | ન | ন | ନ | న | ನ | ந | ന |
| ņ | ऩ | ன | |||||||
| p | प | ਪ | પ | প | ପ | ప | ಪ | ப | പ |
| ph | फ | ਫ | ફ | ফ | ଫ | ఫ | ಫ | ഫ | |
| b | ब | ਬ | બ | ব | ବ | బ | ಬ | ബ | |
| bh | भ | ਭ | ભ | ভ | ଭ | భ | ಭ | ഭ | |
| m | म | ਮ | મ | ম | ମ | మ | ಮ | ம | മ |
| y | य | ਯ | ય | য | ଯ | య | ಯ | ய | യ |
| r | र | ਰ | ર | র | ର | ర | ರ | ர | ര |
| ṛ | ऱ | ఱ | ಱ | ற | റ | ||||
| l | ल | ਲ | લ | ল | ଲ | ల | ಲ | ல | ല |
| ḷ | ळ | ਲ਼ | ળ | ଳ | ళ | ಳ | ள | ള | |
| ļ | ऴ | ழ | ഴ | ||||||
| v | व | ਵ | વ | ଵ | వ | ವ | வ | വ | |
| ś | श | ਸ਼ | શ | শ | ଶ | శ | ಶ | ശ | |
| ṣ | ष | ષ | ষ | ଷ | ష | ಷ | ஷ | ഷ | |
| s | स | ਸ | સ | স | ସ | స | ಸ | ஸ | സ |
| h | ह | ਹ | હ | হ | ହ | హ | ಹ | ஹ | ഹ |
| z | ज़ | ਜ਼ | |||||||
| f | फ़ | ਫ਼ |
The romanizations given here are are inspired by the common scientific transliteration of Sanskrit. Because many more languages and sounds had to be taken care of, the scheme has been extended keeping the Unicode names of characters in mind.
Retroflex consonats of Sanskrit are marked by a dot below the letter, (Ṭ, Ḍ, Ṣ, Ṇ). The same dot is used for retroflex varieties of L and R in Dravidian (and some Aryan) tongues: Ṛ und Ḷ.
Vocalic R and L are usually marked with a dot in scientific Sanskrit romanization. However, since the dot is already used for retroflex consonants, I have to use a ring instead: R̥ and L̥. Long vocalic R has an additional macron, R̥̄. These characters might be poorly supported on some browsers.
The velar and palatal nasals are written Ṅ and Ñ, respectively. Note that in most Indic alphabets, both are frequently written as anusvara.
The implicit vowel is always rendered A, even if it is rather pronounced like O.
H following a consonants means an aspirated sound.
Long vowels (Ā, Ī, Ū) are distinguished by a macron. E and O are always long in Aryan languages, and thus not specifically marked. Short E and O, which appear only in Dravidian languages, are written Ĕ and Ŏ, respectively.
The Tamil letters ழ und ன are represented by L and N with cedilla: Ļ and Ņ, respectively.
Additionally, Devanagari transliterations are given for languages that have another native alphabet. These Devanagarizations use a couple of special signs to accommodate sounds alien to most Aryan languages. In general, there is a 1:1 correspondence between Devanagari and native letters; as an exception, the anusvara has been used in Devanagari throughout even if the native alphabet expresses nasalization by means of character.
Displaying this page correctly is currently a true challange to any computer system, many of which will fail. You will not only need fonts for all scripts used, but you must also make sure that your browser (or the underlying operating system) can handle the complex rules of Indian typography correctly.
The entries are sorted according to the canonical Devanagari collating sequence, which is mimicked by all the other Indic scripts. Anusvara is sorted as if it were written as a nasal. The handling of the implicit vowel is still somewhat unsystematic; as a rule of thumb, it is ignored in sorting if it is not pronounced.
By its very construction, this index can hold only a limited number
of scripts and languages; the following table gives an overview.
Note that Sinhala is somewhat problematic to add. Those languages
currently available are written in bold face. You can expect more
languages to appear here as time goes.
| Script | Language | Remarks |
| Devanagari | Sanskrit β (sa) | tongue of lore, religion and philosophy |
| Hindi (hi) | lingua franca in Northern India, official in many union states of the North. | |
| Marathi (mr) | official regional language in Maharashtra | |
| Nepali | national langage in Nepal | |
| Gurmukhi | Punjabi (Panjabi, pa) | official regional language in Haryana and Punjab; spoken in Pakistan (there written in Arabic alphabet) |
| Gujarati | Gujarati (gu) | official regional language in Gujarat |
| Bengali | Bengali β (Bangla, bn) | official regional language in Western Bengal; national language of Bangladesh |
| Assamese (as) | official regional language in Assam | |
| Oriya | Oriya (or) | official regional language in Orissa |
| Telugu | Telugu (te) | official regional language in Andhra Pradesh |
| Tamil | Tamil (ta) | official regional language in Tamil Nadu; second national language of Sri Lanka |
| Kannada | Kannada (kn) | official regional language in Karnataka |
| Malayalam | Malayalam (ml) | official regional language in Kerala |
| Sinhala | Sinhala (Singhalese, si) | national language of Sri Lanka |
अ आ इ ई उ ऊ ऋ ऎ ए ऐ ऒ ओ औ क ख ग घ च छ ज ट ड त द ध न प फ ब भ म य र ल व श ष स ह